This article is about the Indian Army since 1947. For the 1895–1947 Indian Army, see British Indian Army. For the earlier period, see Military history of India.
The Indian Army is the land-based branch and the largest component of the Indian Armed Forces. The President of Indiaserves as the Supreme Commander of the Indian Army,[6] and it is commanded by the Chief of Army Staff (COAS), who is afour-star General. Two officers have been conferred the rank of Field marshal, a five-star rank, which is a ceremonial position of great honour. The Indian Army originated from the armies of the East India Company, which eventually became the British Indian Army, and the armies of the princely states, which finally became the national army after independence. The units and regiments of the Indian Army have diverse histories and have participated in a number of battles and campaigns across the world, earning a large number of battle and theatre honours before and after Independence.[7]
The primary mission of the Indian Army is to ensure national security and unity, defending the nation from external aggression and threats, and maintaining peace and security within its borders. It conducts humanitarian rescue operations during natural calamities and other disturbances, like Operation Surya Hope, and can also be requisitioned by the government to cope with internal threats. It is a major component of national power alongside the Indian Navy and the Indian Air Force.[8] The army has been involved in four wars with neighbouring Pakistan and one with China. Other major operations undertaken by the army include Operation Vijay, Operation Meghdoot and Operation Cactus. Apart from conflicts, the army has conducted large peace time exercises like Operation Brasstacks and Exercise Shoorveer, and it has also been an active participant in numerousUnited Nations peacekeeping missions including the ones in Cyprus, Lebanon, Congo, Angola, Cambodia, Vietnam, Namibia, El Salvador, Liberia, Mozambique and Somalia.
The Indian Army has a regimental system, but is operationally and geographically divided into seven commands, with the basic field formation being a division. It is an all-volunteer force and comprises more than 80% of the country's active defence personnel. It is the 2nd largest standing army in the world, with 1,325,000[2] active troops and 1,155,000 reserve troops.[2] The army has embarked on an infantry modernisation program known as Futuristic Infantry Soldier As a System (F-INSAS), and is also upgrading and acquiring new assets for its armoured, artillery and aviation branches.[9][10][11]
| Indian Army | |
|---|---|
Crest of the Indian Army
| |
| Founded | 1 April 1895 |
| Country |  India |
| Type | Army |
| Size |
1,252,090 active personnel[1]
1,155,000 reserve personnel[2]
|
| Part of | Indian Armed Forces |
| Headquarters | New Delhi |
| Motto(s) | "Service Before Self" |
| Colors |
Gold, red and black
|
| Website | indianarmy.nic.in |
| Commanders | |
| Chief of the Army Staff (COAS) | General Dalbir Singh Suhag[4] |
| Vice Chief of the Army Staff | Lt Gen Bipin Rawat [5] |
Notable
commanders
| |
| Insignia | |
| Flag |  |
| Aircraft flown | |
| Helicopter | HAL Rudra |
| Transport |
|
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